Wire-working machine.



No. 804,029. PATENTED NOV. '7, 1905.

A. H. NILSON & M. OLSON.

WIRE WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

e SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED NOV. 7, 1905. A. H. NILSON & M. OLSON.

WIRE WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

WITNESSESL No. 804,029. PATENTBD NOV. 7, 1905.

A. H. NILSON & M. OLSON.

WIRE WORKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

6 SHEETSSHEET 3.

No. 804,029. PATENTED NOV. 7, 1905. A. H. NILSON 6: M. OLSON.

WIRE WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.4,1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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A. H. NILSON & M. OLSON.

WIRE WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

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I BY ATTORNE No. 804,029. PATENTED NOV. 7, 1905.

A. H. NILSON & M. OLSON.

WIRE WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

6 SHEETEPSHEET a.

WITNESSES:

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- Wan/ 12 @ZJOfl. y %s UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AXEL H. NILSON AND MAURITZ OLSON, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS,BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO INTERNATIONAL AUTOMATIC MACHINE CO., LIMITED,OF NEW GLASGOWV, CANADA.

WIRE-WORKING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 7, 1905.

1 Application filed October 4, 1904. Serial No- 227,088.

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, AxnL H. NILSON and MAURrrz OLSON, citizens of theUnited States, and residents of Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfieldand State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Wire-WorkingvMachine, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to a wire-working machine, and while the machineand the several features thereof are capable of performing certainoperations to manufacture various articles from wire, it is designedespecially for forming continuous zigzag pieces of wire having hooks, anumber of said wires being capable of being connected together in such amanner as to make a fabric for beds and other purposes.

The invention will be illustrated and described with special referenceto its use for making such an article; but it is to be understoodthatits usefulness is not limited thereto.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figures 1, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are outline drawings representing theportions of the machine which come in contact with the wire in severaldifferent positions which they assume during the course of the operationof the machine, Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, and 8 being plan views, and Figs. 2,4, and 6 being vertical sectional views. Fig. 9 is a fragmentary viewshowing the operation of a detail. Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13 are sideelevations of certain cams which may conveniently be employed forcausing the parts to perform the desired operations. Fig. 1A is a planview of a preferred embodiment of the invention,

showing the various devices for causing the parts shown in the firsteight figures to operate in the desired manner. Fig. 15 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1d of one end of the machine, showing it with partsremoved to expose the interior. but showing additional portions of thedevice in position. Fig. 17 is an end view, on an enlarged scale, of oneof the elements of the device. Figs. 18,19, and 20 are sectional viewson the lines 18 18, 19 19, and 20 20 of Fig. 14; and Fig. 21 is asectional view, on an enlarged scale, on the line 21 21 ofFig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 15,

Referring especially to the first eight figures, the general operationof the machine will be described. In these figures the wire to beoperated upon is designated by the letter a, and in Fig. 1 one loop ofthe article to be produced is shown in the completed form. This loop isprovided with bends Z) and with side members 0. The side members areplaced at an angle to each other and converge toward the end of theloop, in which is formed a hook (Z. It is the purpose of the machine totakea straight wire a from a straightening device (not shown) and bendit first into a simple loop, then into the form shown in Fig. 3, inwhich the outer end of the loopis compressed to a slight extent, thenturn this end over, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, to form the hook (Z, andfinally to carry the loop along, as shown in Fig. 8, and at the sametime start to make the next loop.

Fig. 1 shows the position which the parts assume before the bendingdevice commences to operate. This bending device comprises three pins 1,2, and 3. In the starting position, as shown in Fig. 1, the pins 1 and 3are placed above the wire and the pin 2 below it. The pin 2 is rotatedabout the pin 1 as a center, and the pin 3 is drawn forwardly toward thepin 1 in a straight line. The result of this is shown in Fig. 3. Whenthe loop is formed, a pair of jaws 4L 4 is employed to compress theouter end of the loop, as also shown in Fig. 3. Then a die or hammer 5is employed to press down the end of the loop, so as to turn it back, asshown in Fig. A. The next operation consists in placing two pins 6 and 7(see Figs. 5 and 6) one upon each side of the loop, near its end, andthen twisting the pin 7, which is below the wire, around the pin 6 as acenter to form the hook, as shown in Fig. 9. The loop and hook havingbeen formed, the pin is raised out of engagement with one bend bandcarried back to engage with the other bend, the pin 3 being withdrawn atthe same time, as shown in Fig. 7. The pins 2 and 3 are meantimereturned to their original positions, as shown in Fig. 1, the pin 2turning about a stationary central axis coincident with the originalposition of the pin 1. The wire is then fed along and finally the wholething is forced to the right the desired distance. During this lastoperation a bend for the next loop is made by the pins 2 and 3 in themanner above mentioned. The figures which have been referred to aboveshow certain operating means for enabling these operations to takeplace; but for the purposes of convenience we have illustrated in Figs.14 to 21, inclusive, a more complete form of the device showing indetail a preferred mechanism for carrying out the invention. In thesefigures the frame of the machine is represented by 10. A drivingmechanism consisting of a pulley 11, pinion 12, and gear 13 or any otherconvenient driving mechanism may be employed. The gear 13 r is shown asmounted directly upon the main shaft 14 of the machine. This shaft 14 isprovided with operating devices for causing the operations described totake place. For operating the pin 3 a cam 15 is provided. it has agroove in which engages the end of a slide 16, guided upon the frame ofthe machine in ways 17. This slide is provided with rack-teeth 16, whichmesh with a pinion 18 upon a shaft 19. This shaft is also provided witha gear 18, meshing with a rack 20, which is thereby given areciprocating motion in ways 21, mounted upon the frame of the machine.The rack is provided with an extension 22, upon which is mounted the pin3. and it will be obvious that a rotation of the shaft 14 will cause theslide, and consequently the pin 3, to make one complete reciprocation.Another cam 23 is mounted upon the shaft 14 for oscillating the pin 2.It has engagement with a slide 24, which reciprocates in guideways 25upon the frame of the machine. This slide is provided with a rack 26,which meshes with and operates a pinion 27, mounted upon a shaft 28, asindicated in Fig. 15. This shaft extends through the frame, and upon thebottom thereof is an arm 28, which carries the pin 2 upon its outer endand extends upwardly through the frame of the machine into position toengage the wire a, as described. Upon the shaft 28 is pivoted a link 29,which is also connected with the pin 2. It will be obvious that the twolinks 28 and 29, both being secured to the shaft 28 and pivotallyconnected to the pin 2, will always remain in parallel position andoperate simultaneously about the shaft 28 as a pivot. is a link mountedabove the frame and connecting the pin 2 with the pin 3. It will beunderstood that the rotation of the shaft 14 will cause the shaft 28 tobe oscillated through a certain arc. and consequently will cause the pin2 to move from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 3, thelinks 29 and 30 following it as indicated. The link 30 will also beoperated upon by the rack 20 and its projection 22, and the cams 15 and23 are so designed and set as to provide for this operation. The

interior parts of the frame are provided with slots 31 and 32 to permitthe arcuate motion of the pin 2. It will be seen, therefore, that theparts of the machine so far described, being operated by the cams 15 and23, will cause a wire, placed in the machine and secured against the pin1, which is in exact axial alinement with the shaft 28, to be bent intoa loop, as shown in Fig. 8. For raising the pin 1 out of engagement withthe loop a cam 33, having an exterior cam-face for operating a lever 34,is also provided upon the shaft 14. This lever is pivoted in anextension 35 upon the frame of the machine and is provided with an arm36 and a head 37 at the end of the arm. A projection 38 upon the head 37is designed for holding the pin 1, which is attached to it by means of ascrew 39 or other equivalent device. It will be understood that theoperation of the lever 34 about its pivot will raise and lower the pin 1for the purpose of disengaging the pin from the wire, so that the lattercan be moved along after the loop is formed and for bringing it backinto position again, ready toaid in forming the next loop.

Means for clamping the wire against the pin 1 and for moving the loopalong after it has been made will now be described, although it is to beunderstood that in the preferred embodiment of our machine certain otheroperations take place.namely, those which are necessary for the formingof the hook (Z.

A cam 40 upon the shaft 14 operates a slide 41 in ways 42 upon the frameof the machine. This slide is indicated in Fig. 15 as provided with arack-face 43, which engages with a pinion 44 upon a shaft 45. This slidealso is connected, by means of a screw 46 and a checknut 47, with alever 48,- pivoted at 49 to the frame of the machine and designed to beadjusted and secured by means of a screw 50. This lever is provided witha convex face 51, designed to engage with and operate a slide 52, uponwhich is mounted the jaw 8, which clamps the wire to the pin 1 andfinishes the bends b of the wire. Upon the shaft 45, as shown in Fig.18, is also provided a disk 53 for operating a link 54, and to whichdisk said link is eccentrically pivoted. 55 is a slidable frame, mountedon ways 56 and provided with a cover 55 for protecting the parts whichit carries. It also has a slot 57, in which a pin 54, connected to thelink 54, is designed to. reciprocate. 58 is a link pivoted to the slide55 and to a second slide 59. which is pivotally connected to the pin 54and works in a slot 60 in the slide 55. 61 is a link similar to the link58, pivotally attached to the slides 59 and 52. The slide 55 is providedwith slots 62 for permitting the links 58 and 61 to swing upontheirpivots. The slide 59 is provided with projections 59 and 59, whichproject outwardly so as to engage the edges of the cover 55 or otherpart of the slide. The operation of this part of the device is asfollows: The reciprocation of the slide 41 by means of the cam 40 willcause the oscillation of the disk 53 and the reciprocation of the slide59, which is pivotally connected directly to the pin 54*. Theprojections 59 and 59 upon the slide 59 will come in contact with theedges of the slide 55 at certain periods in the reciprocation of theslide 59 and will then pick up the slide and cause it to reciprocate forthe rest of the stroke with the slide 59. The effect of this operationwill be as follows: Assuming the parts to be in the position shown inFig. 14, a loop having been formed,

the movement of the link 54 to the left will pull the slide 59 in thesame direction and cause the toggle-lever formed by the links 58 and 61to be released, thus forcing the slide 52 outward and causing the jaw 8to be freed from the wire a. The further movement of the link 54 andslide 59 to the left will cause the slide 55 to be taken up with theslide 59 on account of the projection 59 coming into contact with theedge of the cover 55. This causes the entire device, including the jaw8, to move to the left a distance equal to the width of one loop. Thepin 1, having previously been raised by the head 37, will also becarried along with the slide. The block 38 is mounted upon a plate 63,secured to the outside surface of the cover 55, and has a bushing 64 forguiding the pin in a vertical direction. It is to be understood thatduring this operation the pin 3 is being drawn back and the pin 2 isbeing oscillated in a backward direction on its pivot 28, so that thesetwo pins will be in position to engage with the straight portion of thewire. The pin 2 is also drawn down out of contact with the wire bymechanism to be hereinafter described. The parts are now in the positionshown in Fig. 7. When the eccentric pulls the slide to the right, thefirst effort will be to straighten the toggle levers 58 and 61, forcethe "slide 52 inward, and cause the jaw 8 to clamp the bend 5 betweenitself and the pin 1 and finish the bend. When the projection 59 comesinto contact with the cover 55, the slide 52, carrying the jaw 8, pin 1,and wire a, will move to the right. The pins 2 and 3 will also beoperated to form the next bend, as indicated in Fig. 8.

65 is a projection upon the plate 63 and is provided with a slide 66,upon which is mounted a pin 67, having a rear extension 68. A spring 69is connected to the plate 63 and to the projection 68, so as to normallyhold the slide 66 in its innermost position. The pin 67, however,projects over the head 37 upon the arm 36 and extends over the top ofthe pin 3. It will be understood that when the head 37 is in its lowestposition the pin 67 will extend over the top of the pin 3 and preventdisengagement of the wire therefrom. Upon the raising of the head 37,however, the pin 67 is raised against the tension of the spring 69, soas to free the pin 3 and allow the other operations to take place.

As far as described the pin 2 remains in engagement with the wire whilethe latter is being transferred. Means for retracting the pin anddisengaging it from the wire will now be described.

A cam 70, mounted upon the shaft 14 and engaging with'a lever 71,pivotally mounted upon a projection 72 on the under side of the frame,operates a yoke 7 3, which engages in a groove 74 in a head 75, attachedto the bottom of the shaft 28 and to the arm 28. It will be obvious thatthe pivotal motion of the lever 71 will cause a reciprocation of the pin2 and will disengage it from the loop, as shown in Fig. 4. provides forthe production of a plain loop and the transfer thereof to the rear inorder to place the parts in such a position as to provide for formingthe next loop.

The operation of the various parts for forming the hook upon the loopwill now. be described.

A cam 76, which may, if desired, be integral with the cam 70, isconnected to a lever 77, which is pivoted in a projection 78 of theframe of the machine and is provided with an arm 79, carrying the die 5.The cams and 76 are indicated by Fig. 10. It will be apparent from. theshape of the die that the operation of the cam 76 and its connectedparts will cause the extreme end of the loop to be bent downwardly, asshown in Fig. 4.

In order to pinch the end of the loop, as shown in Fig. 3, the followingmechanism may be used: 80 is acam upon the shaft 14, operating a roller81 to cause a block 82 to slide back and forth in guides 83. 84 84represent two cams operating upon the levers 85 85, pivoted at 86 to anextension 87 upon the block 82. At their inner ends these levers arefurnished with the jaws 4. The cam 80 is designed to force the block 82and the jaws 4 toward the loop into operative position. The cams 84 willthen operate to force the jaws together, and when they release the jawsaspring 88, mounted upon thelevers 85, forces them apart. The pin 2 isprovided with a triangular portion 2, (see Fig. 17,) between which andthe jaws 4 the loop is designed to be squeezed to cause it to assume theshape indicated in Fig. 3. The loop now having been formed except forthe turning over of the hook, this operation will now be described. Acam 90 upon the shaft 14. operates a lever 91, pivoted to the frame atthe point 92 and provided with a yoke 93, engaging in agroove 94 upon ashaft 95. This shaft is journaled in bearings 96 upon the top part ofthe frame of the machine and is provided with a head 97, in which thepins 6 and 7 are located, the pin 6 being preferably concentric with theshaft 95. It will be clear that the operation The operation so fardescribed of the cam will reciprocate the shaft and the pins 6 and 7, soas to bring the latter into position for engaging the loop, as indicatedin Fig. 5.

For rotating the head 97 and causing the pins to perform the operationindicated in Fig. 9 the following mechanism is employed: A cam 98,mounted upon the shaft 14, operates a slide 99, working in ways 100 uponthe frame. A frame 101 is secured to the slide 99 by means of a bolt102, adjustably mounted in aslot 103 in the frame 101. For the purposeof securing this adjustment and accurately positioning the two parts 99and 101 with respect to each other a screw 104 is provided, having acheck-nut 105. The frame 101 is provided-with a rack 106, which mesheswith an elongated pinion 107 upon the shaft 95. It will be readilyunderstood that the operation of the eccentric 98 through the rack 106and pinion 107 will cause the shaft 95 to be oscillated and the pins 6and 7 to perform the operation indicated in Fig. 9 and bend over theloop to form a hook.

The operation of the whole machine will now be described. Starting withthe parts as shown in Fig. 7, in which the loop has been formed, thehook turned, the parts for operating on the hook withdrawn, and the jaw8 with the pin 1 moved back ready to grip the rear bend of the loop, thefirst operation will be to force the jaw into contact with the wire togrip it against the pin 1. The next operation will be to draw the slide55 and its connected parts to the right, taking with them the formedloop and wire. Simultaneously with this the link 29 is swung upwardlyand the pin 3 forced inwardly by means of the cams 23 and 15,respectively. (See Fig. 8.) This will form the new plain loop. Thejaws 11 are now advanced by the cam 80 and block 82, and then they are swungon their pivots by the operation of the cams 8 1 84 around thetriangular portion a of the pin 2, thus pinching the end of the looptogether, as shown in Fig. 3. The cams 8 1 841 then permit the spring 88to draw the jaws apart, and a spring (not shown) or other convenientdevice forces the roller 81 back upon the circular surface of the cam 80and withdraws the jaws entirely from the loop. The pin 2 is nowwithdrawn from engagement with the loop by means of the cam 70 and itsconnections, as indicated in Fig. 4, and the die 5 is brought down, bymeans of the arm 79, operated by the cam 76. to give the slight reversebend to the end of theloop. This is neXt withdrawn and the pins 6 and 7advanced by the operation of the cam 90, so that the pin 6 assumes aposition above the wire and the pin 7 a position below it, the link 30having been just previously to this operation drawn out of the way bythe movement of the slide 22 and the shaft 28. The

operation of the cam 98 then rotates the shaft 95 and causes the pins 6and 7 to bend over the end of the loop to form the hook. During thistime the other cams have been operating with their concentric portionsupon their various levers, so as to hold the latter in a stationaryposition, and after the pins 6 and 7 are withdrawn by means of the cam90 the cam 33 comes into operative position. so as to withdraw thepin 1. Then the cam 4E0 operates to push back the slide 55, carrying thepin 1 and jaw 8, and finally it operates to grip the wire and draw it tothe right, as has been described.- Then the other cams proceed tooperate in their respective turns in the manner described above.

It is to be understood that the drawings represent merely a preferredform of machine which constitutes one embodiment of our invention andthat the latter is not limited to the mechanism shown in the views ofthe complete machine nor to the outline views, many modifications beingobviously within the scope of the invention.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. In a wire-working machine, the combinationof means for bending a wire into a succession of zigzag loops, means forthen form.- ing a hook on every alternate loop, and means for finallyfinishing the loop form of the other loops.

2. In a Wire-working machine, the combination of means for bending awire into a fiat body having loops alternately arranged at the oppositeedges thereof, means for then forming spring-hooks on the loops on oneedge of the body, and means for finally finishing the loops on the otheredge to preserve the loop form thereof.

3. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for automaticallybending the wire into a succession of zigzag loops, means for forming ahook on every alternate loop, and means for preserving the other loopsin loop form.

4:. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means forautomatically bending a wire into a flat body having loops alternatelyarranged at the opposite edges thereof, means for automatically formingspring-hooks on the loops on one edge of the body, and means forpreserving the other loops in loop form.

5. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for forming aloop, means for slightly bending the end of the loop in a directiontransverse to the plane of the loop and means for then bending the loopin the reverse direction to form a hook.

6. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for forming aloop, means for slightly bending the end of the loop in a directiontransverse to the plane of the loop and means for finally bending theloop in the reverse direction through an arc of about one hundred andeighty degrees.

7. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for successivelybendinga wire into a series of loops alternately extending in oppositedirections, means for automatically slightly bending the ends of each ofthe loops extending in one direction and means for finishing the bendsinthe otherloops to preserve them in loop form.

8. In a wire-working machine, the com bination of means for successivelybending wire into a series of loops alternately extending in oppositedirections, means for automatically slightly bending in a directiontransverse to the plane of the loops the ends of each of the loopsextending in one direction, means for automatically forming a hook onthe previously-bent loops and means for acting on the bends in the otherloops to preserve them in looped form.

9. In a wire-working machine, thecombination of means for forming aloop, means for thereafter slightly bending the end of the loop in adirection transverse thereto, means for squeezing together the membersof the loop near the end thereof, and means for bending the loop in thereverse direction to form a hook.

10. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for successivelybending a wire intoa series of loops alternately extending in oppositedirections, means for automatically slightly bending the ends of each ofthe loops extending in one direction, means for automatically squeezingtogether the mem bers of the bent loops near the ends thereof, and meansfor automatically forming a hook on said previously-bent loops.

11. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for formingaloop, means for thereafter squeezing the ends thereof toward each other,and means for finally bending the end of the loop upon itself to form ahook.

12. In a wire-working-machine, the combination of means for successivelybending a wire into a series of loops alternately extending in oppositedirections, means for squeezing together the ends of each of the loopsextending in one direction, and means for automatically forming a hookon the loops the ends of which have been squeezed together.

13. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for successivelybendinga wire into a series of loops alternately extending in oppositedirections, means for slightly bending the ends of each of the loopsextending in one direction, and means for squeezing together said bentends.

14. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for forming aloop, means for thereafter squeezing the ends of the loop together,means for then slightly bending the end of the loop, and means forfinally clamping the loop and advancing it in the machine.

15. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for forming aloop, means for thereafter squeezing the ends of the loop together, andmeans for finally clamping the loop and advancing it in the machine.

16. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for forming aloop, means for thereafter slightly bending the loop, means forsqueezing toward each other the members of the loop to bring the strandsinto parallelism with and at a distance from each other, and means forbending the loop in a reverse direction to the first bend to form ahook.

17. In a wire-working machine, the con1bination of means for bendingawire into aseries of loops alternately extending in opposite directions,means for slightly bending the ends of each of the loops extending inone direction, means for squeezing together the members of the bentloops, and means for forming a hook on said previously-bent loops.

18. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for bending awire to form a loop, means for slightly bending the end of the loop inone direction, means for squeezing toward each other the members of thebent loop to bring them into parallelism at a distance from each other,and means for finally forming a hook on said previously-bent loopsentending in a direction opposite to that of the first bend.

19. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for successivelybendinga wire into a series of loops, means for squeezing together theends of certain of said loops, and means for forming a hook on each ofthe loops the ends of which have been squeezed together.

20. In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for bending awire in reverse directions to form a loop, means for bending over theend of the loop after it is formed to form a hook, means for clampingone of the bends produced and finishing it, and means for advancing theloop in the machine.

21. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two of said pinsbeing adapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third toengage the wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins,means for giving an arcuate motion to said third pin about one of theother pins as a center, in a direction toward the wire, and means formoving one of the first-named pins in a straight line toward the oneabout which the third pin turns, said line being parallel with theoriginal position of the wire.

22. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two of said pinsbeing adapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third toengage the wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins,means for giving an arcuate motion to said third pin about one of theother pins as a center, in a direction toward thewire, and means formoving one of the first-mentioned pins in a straight line toward theother of said first-mentioned pins.

IIO

23. A wireworking machine, comprising three pins, two of them beingadapted to engage a wire on one side thereof and the third on the otherside at a point between the first two, means for moving said third pintoward the wire to form a loop, means for withdrawing two of said pinsfrom contact with the wire, and means for engaging the wire about thepin remaining in contact with it, and moving the wire along in themachine.

24. A wire-working machine comprising three pins, two of said pins beingadapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third to engagethe wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins, meansfor moving said third pin toward the wire to form a loop, means forwithdrawing two of said pins from contact with the wire, and means forengaging the wire about the pin remaining in contact with it, finishingthe bend about that pin, and moving the wire along in the machine.

25. A wire-working machine comprising three pins, two of said pins beingadapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third to engagethe wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins, meansfor moving said third pin toward the wire to form a loop, means forwithdrawing two of said pins from contact with the wire, aforming-elamp, means for forcing the clamp into engagement with the wireand causing it to clamp it between the clamp and the pin remaining incontact with the wire, and means for moving the clamp and pin forward inthe machine.

26. A wire-working machine comprising three pins, two of said pins beingadapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third to engagethe wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins, meansfor moving said third pin toward the wire to form a loop, means forwithdrawing two of said pins from contact wit-lithe wire, aforming-clamp, means for forcing the clamp into engagement with the wireand causing it to clamp it between the clamp and the pin remaining incontact with the wire, means for moving the clamp and pin forward in themachine, means for loosening the clamp after its stroke .in onedirection is completed, and means for returning the clamp and pin totheir original positions.

27. A wire-working machine comprising three pins, two of said pins beingadapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third to engagethe wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins, meansfor moving said third pin toward the wire to form a loop, means forwithdrawing two of said pins from contact with the wire, a formingclamp,means for forcing the clamp into engagement with the wire and causing itto clamp it between the clamp and the pin remaining in contact with thewire, means for moving the clamp and pin forward in the machine, andadditional means for securing the clamp against the wire and pin.

28. A wire-working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means formoving one of said pins toward a wire to form a loop, a forming-clamp,means for forcing the clamp into engagement with the wire and causing itto clamp the wire against one of said pins, and means for moving theclamp and said lastmentioned pin forward in the machine.

29. A wire-working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means formoving one of said pins against the wire to form a loop, aforming-clamp, means for forcing the clamp into engagement with the wireand causing it to clamp the wire against one of said pins, means formoving the clamp and pin forward in the machine, means forloosening theclamp after its stroke in one direction is completed,and means forreturning the clamp and pin to their original positions.

30. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links, three pins, thefirst of said pins constituting a pivotal connection between adjacentends of the links, and the second and third pins serving as pivots forthe two links at their outer ends, and means for swinging one of saidlinks about its outer end as a center.

31. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their other ends.

32. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection between.adjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their other ends, the second pin beingtemporarily mounted on a stationary axis, and the third pin on areciprocable axis.

33. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their other ends, the second pin beingtemporarily mounted on a stationary axis, and the third pin on areciprocable axis, means for oscillating one of the links about the axisof said second pin, and means for reciprocating said third pin.

34. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constitutinga pivotal connection between adjacentends of said links, and the second and third pins serving as pivots forthe two links at their outer ends, said first pin being adapted toengage the wire on one side thereof, and said second and third pins onthe other side, means for oscillating one of the links about the axis ofthe second pin and thereby giving said first pin an arcuate motion, andmeans for reciprocating said third pin toward the second pin.

35. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their other ends, said first pin beingadapted to engage the wire on one side thereof, and said second andthird pins on the other side, means for oscillating one of'the linksabout the axis of the second pin and thereby giving said first pin anarcuate motion, means for reciprocating said third pin toward the secondpin, and means for thereafter withdrawing said first and second pins incontact with the wire.

36. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constitutinga pivotal connection between adjacentends of said links, and the second and third pins serving as pivots forthe two links at their outer ends, said first pin being adapted toengage the wire on one side thereof. and said second and third pins onthe other side, means for oscillating one of the links about the axis ofthe second pin and thereby givin said first pin an arcuate motion, meansfor reciprocating said third pin toward the second pin, and means forthereafter withdrawing said first and second pins axially in oppositedirections in contact with the loop thus produced.

37. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacentends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their outer ends, said first pin beingadapted to engage the Wire on one side thereof, and said second andthird pins on the other side, means for oscillating one of the linksabout the axis of the second pin and thereby giving said first pin anarcuate motion, means for reciprocating said third pin toward the secondpin, means for thereafter withdrawing said first and second pins axiallyin opposite directions in contact with the loop thus produced, and meansfor withdrawing said third pin in a direction at right angles to thedirection of motion of the other two pins.

38. A wire-working machine, comprisinga pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their outer ends, said first pin beingadapted to engage the wire on one side thereof, and said second andthird pins on the other side, means for oscillating one of the linksabout the axis of the second pin and thereby giving said first pin anarcuate motion, means for reciprocating said third pin toward the secondpin, means for thereafter withdrawing said first and second pins axiallyin opposite directions in contact with the loop thus produced, means forwithdrawing said third pin in contact with the loop, and means for thenmoving said second pin back and inserting it in the place of the thirdpin.

39. A wire-working machine, comprisinga pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the two links at their outer ends, said first pin beingadapted to engage the-wire on one side thereof, and said second andthird pins on the other side, means for oscillating one of the linksabout the axis of the second pin and thereby giving said first pin anarcuate motion, means for reciprocating said third pin toward the secondpin,means for thereafter withdrawing said first and second pinsaxiallyin opposite directions in contact with the loop thus produced,means for withdrawing said third pin in contact with the loop, means forthen moving said second pin back and inserting it in the place of thethird pin, and means for finally moving the second pin forward with theloop.

40. In a wire-working machine, the combination of a pair of links andthree pins, the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connectionbetween adjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins beingpivotally connected to the two links at their other ends, a slide onwhich said third pin is mounted, and means for reciprocating said slidetoward and from the second pin.

L1. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two being adapted toengage a wire on one side and the other to engage the wire on the otherside at apoint between the other two, means for giving an arcuate motionto said third pin about one of the other pins as a center for forming aloop, and means for pinching together the two members of the loop nearthe outer end thereof.

42. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two being adapted toengage a wire on one side, and the other to engage the wire on the otherside at a point between the other two, means for giving an arcuatemotion to said third pin about one of the other pins as a center, forforming a loop, and means for pinching together the two members of theloop near the outer end thereof; said lastnamed means comprising a pairof jaws, and means for moving said jaws toward and from each other.

43. In a wire-working machine, the combination of three pins, twoadapted to engage the wire on one side, and the third to engage it onthe other side at a point between the other two pins, means for movingsaid third pin toward the wire so as to carry the wire before it andform a loop, and means for pinching together the two members of the mii) loop near the outer end thereof; said lastnamed means comprising apair of pivoted jaws, and means for simultaneously swinging said jawstogether upon their pivots.

44:. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links pivotedtogether, one of said links being pivoted to a stationary part of themachine, a pin mounted at each of said pivotal points, and a pin mountedon the other link beyond the point at which it is pivoted to the firstlink.

45. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links pivoted together,one of said links being pivoted to a stationary part of the machine, apin mounted at each of said pivotal points and a pin mounted on theother link beyond the point at which it is pivoted to the first link,means for swinging the first link about its stationary pivot, and meansfor moving the outer end of the other link toward said pivot in astraight line.

46. A wire-working machine, comprising a slide, means for reciprocatingthe slide, a pair of levers pivotally mounted upon the slide,

each having an arm and a jaw at opposite ends,

and a cam having two faces, one adapted, to operate upon each lever-armto force said jaws apart.

47. A wire-working machine, comprising a main shaft, three cams thereon,a slide having engagement with one of said cams whereby the slide isreciprocated, a pair of lovers pivotally mounted upon said slide nearthe outer end thereof, each lever having a jaw upon its outer end, aspring connecting said levers together at a point part way between theirinner ends and the points at which they are pivoted to the slide, andmeans upon the inner ends of the levers for engaging with the other twocams.

48. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two of said pinsbeing adapted to engage a wire on one side, and the third to engage iton the other at a point between the other two, means for giving anarcuate motion to said third pin about one of the other pins as acenter, in a direction toward the wire, whereby a loop is formed, meansfor pinching together the two members of the loop near the outer endthereof, and means for slightly bending the pinched end of the loop.

A9. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two of said pinsbeing adapted to loop; said last-named means comprising a die andmechanism for operating the die.

50. A wire-working machine, comprising a pair of links, three pins, twoof said pins constituting pivots for the two links at their outer ends,a third pin constituting a pivotal connection between the adjacent endsof said links, two of said pins being adapted to engage a wire upon oneside thereof, and the third pin the other side and between the other twopins, means for forcing said third pin in a direction toward the wirefor the purpose of forming a loop, a die having a curved operating-face,and means for forcingthe die against the wire when the latter issupported by one of said links.

51. A wire-working machine comprising three pins, two of said pins beingadapted to engage a wire on one side thereof, and the third to engagethe wire on the other side at a point between the other two pins, meansfor moving said third pin toward the wire to form a loop, means forwithdrawing two of said pins from contact with the wire, a formingclamp,means for forcing the clamp into engagement with the wire and causing itto clamp it between the clamp and the pin remaining in contact with thewire, means for moving the clamp and pin forward in the machine, meansfor loosening the clamp after its stroke in one direction is completed,means for returning the clamp and pin to their original positions, andmeans for slightly bending the end of the loop produced.

52. A wire-working machine, comprisinga pair of links and three pins,the first of said pins constituting a pivotal connection betweenadjacent ends of said links, and the second and third pins serving aspivots for the' two links at their outer ends, said first pin beingadapted to engage the wire on one side thereof, and said second andthird pins on the other side, means for oscillating one of the linksabout the axis of the second pin and thereby giving said first pin anarcuate motion, means for reciprocating said third pin toward the secondpin, means for thereafter withdrawing said first and second pins axiallyin opposite directions in contact with the loop thus produced, means forwithdrawing said third pin in contact with the loop, meausfor thenmoving said second pin back and inserting it in the place of the thirdpin, and means for slightly bending the end of the loop produced.

53. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two of said pinsbeingadapted to engage a wire on one side, and the third to engage it onthe other at a point between the other two, means for giving an arcuatemotion to said third pin about one of the other pins as a center, in adirection toward the wire, whereby a loop is formed, means for pinchingtogether the two members of the loop near the outer end thereof, meansfor slightly bending the pinched end of the loop, and means for finallybending the loop over in the reverse direction to form a hook.

54. A wire-working machine, comprising three pins, two of said pinsbeing adapted to engage a wire on one side thereof and the thirdtoengage the wire on the other side at a point between the other twopins, means for giving an arcuate motion to such third pin about one ofthe other pins as a center, for bending the wire to form a loop, meansfor pinching together the two members of the loop near the outer endthereof, means for slightly bending the pinched end of the loop, andmeans for finally bending the loop over in the reverse direction to forma springhook; said last-named means comprising a pair of pins adapted toengage the loop on each side thereof, and means for oscillating one ofsaid pins.

55 In a wire-working machine, the combination of means for formingaloop, means for slightly bending the end of the loop, means forpinching together the two members of the bent end of the loop, and meansfor bending the end of the loop in the reverse direction to form aspring-hook; said last-named means comprising a pair of pins, oneadapted to engage the loop above it, and the other below it, and meansfor oscillating the one of said pins engaging the wire below it, aboutthe other as a center.

56. A Wire-working machine, comprising a main shaft, a plurality of camsthereon, a slide having engagement with one of said cams forreciprocating the slide, a pair of levers pivotally mounted upon saidslide, each lever having a jaw, and means upon said levers for engagingwith other cams on said shaft.

57. A wire-working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means forgiving motion to one of them in a direction toward a wire for forming aloop, means for pinching together the two members of the loop near theouter end thereof, and means for slightly bending the pinched portion ofthe loop.

58. A wire-working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means formoving one of said pins againsta Wire for forming a loop, means forpinching together the two members of the loop near the outer endthereof, and means for slightly bending the pinched ends of the loop,said last-named means comprising a die and mechanism for operating thedie.

59. A wire-working machine comprising a plurality of pins adapted toengage a wire on opposite sides, means for forcing one of the pinstoward the wire between the other pins to form a loop, a die having acurved operating-face adapted to engage a flat side of the loop, andmeans for forcing the die against the wire after the loop is formed.

60. A wire-Working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means formoving one ofsaid pins with relation to the others to form a loop in awire, means for withdrawing all but one of said pins from contact withthe wire, a forming-clamp, means for forcing the clamp into engagementwith the wire and clamping the wire against the pin remaining in contacttherewith, means for moving the clamp and pin forward in the machine,means for loosening the clamp after its stroke in one direction iscompleted, means for returning the clamp to its original position, andmeans for slightly bending the end of the loop.

61. A wire-working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means formoving one of said pins with respect to the others for forming a loop ina wire, means for pinching together the two members of the loop formed,near the outer end thereof, means for slightly bending the pinched endof the loop, and means for finally bending the loop over in the reversedirection to form a hook.

62. A wire-working machine, comprising a plurality of pins, means formoving one of said pins with respect to the others,for forming a loopfrom a length of wire, means for pinching together the two members ofthe loop, means for slightly bending the pinched portion of the loop,and means for finally bending the loop over in the reverse direction toform a spring-hook, said last-named means comprising a pair of pinsadapted to engage the loop one on each side thereof, and meansfor'oscillating one of said pins about a center.

63. A wire-working machine, comprising a main shaft, a plurality ofpower-transmitting devices thereon, an oscillatable pin, a second pincapable of reciprocation, a reciprocating pin, a clamp, a reciprocatingslide on which said clamp is mounted, a pair of jaws, a reciprocatingslide on which said jaws are mounted, a bending-die, a pair of pins, arotatable shaft on which said pins are mounted, and connections fromsaid operating devices to said other elements, for oscillating saidfirstmentioned pin, reciprocating the two reciprocable pins, operatingthe clamp, reciprocating both of said slides, moving said jaws and saiddie, and rotating said last-mentioned pair of pins.

64. A Wire-working machine, comprisinga shaft, a plurality ofpower-transmitting devices thereon, an oscillatable pin, a second pincapable of reciprocation, a reciprocable pin, a clamp, a reciprocatingslide on which said clamp is mounted, and connections from saidpower-transmitting devices to the other elements mentioned, foroscillating said firstmentioned pin, reciprocating the two reciprocablepins, operating the clamp and reciprocating said slide.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AXEL H. NILSON. MAURITZ OLSON.

Witnesses:

J OHN TIKEMAN, JACOB NELSON.

IIO

